So, the correct answer is ‘Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) is able to switch from its latent lysogenic cycle to an active lytic cycle, reactivating after remaining dormant for many years’
What is the mechanism of shingles?
Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes varicella (chickenpox). Primary infection with VZV causes varicella. Once the illness resolves, the virus remains latent in the dorsal root ganglia.
What is the structure of the shingles virus?
The VZV virion consists of a nucleocapsid surrounding a core that contains the linear, double-stranded DNA genome; a protein tegument separates the capsid from the lipid envelope, which incorporates the major viral glycoproteins.
What is the life cycle of chickenpox?
Once the chickenpox rash appears, it goes through three phases: Raised bumps called papules, which break out over a few days. Small fluid-filled blisters called vesicles, which form in about one day and then break and leak. Crusts and scabs, which cover the broken blisters and take a few more days to heal.
Is the varicella zoster virus lytic or lysogenic Related Questions
What type of virus is chickenpox and shingles?
Shingles is caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes chickenpox. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus stays dormant (inactive) in their body. The virus can reactivate later, causing shingles.
What type of pathogen is chickenpox and shingles?
It is caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is a DNA virus that is a member of the herpesvirus group.
What is the action of the shingles vaccine?
Two doses of Shingrix provide strong protection against shingles and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), the most common complication of shingles. In adults 50 to 69 years old with healthy immune systems, Shingrix was 97% effective in preventing shingles; in adults 70 years and older, Shingrix was 91% effective.
What is the mechanism of acyclovir in shingles?
Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits viral DNA synthesis by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate as a substrate for viral DNA polymerase. Incorporation of acyclovir triphosphate into viral DNA results in obligate chain termination since the molecule lacks the 3-hydroxyl group required for further DNA chain elongation.
How does the immune system respond to shingles?
The innate immune response to VZV involves the recognition of viral pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via PRRs, which triggers inflammatory cytokine secretion and/or cell death.
What type of infection is shingles?
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is an infection of a nerve and the skin around it. It’s caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. It’s estimated that around one in every four people will have at least one episode of shingles during their life.
What are the three phases of shingles?
Shingles’ clinical manifestations are divided into 3 distinct phases: preeruptive, acute eruptive, and chronic.
What DNA virus causes shingles?
Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is a viral syndrome caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. After an episode of varicella (chicken-pox), the varicella-zoster virus remains dormant in the nervous system. Herpes zoster typically occurs in adults or elderly.
Can you get shingles if you never had chickenpox?
The only way you can get shingles is if you’ve had chickenpox first. If someone has shingles and is at the blister stage when contagious, he or she could transmit the virus to you‚Äîbut you would get chickenpox, not shingles.
Are shingles rash contagious?
Are you contagious? A person with shingles can pass the varicella-zoster virus to anyone who isn’t immune to chickenpox. This usually occurs through direct contact with the open sores of the shingles rash.
Does chickenpox happen to everyone once in a lifetime?
Can you catch chickenpox again once you have had it? In most cases, getting chickenpox once means you will not get it again. This is called lifelong immunity. However, in rare cases, a person gets it again.
Why is shingles different from chickenpox?
Although shingles and chickenpox are caused by the same virus, they are not the same illness. Chickenpox is usually a milder illness that affects children. Shingles results from a reactivation of the virus long after the chickenpox illness has disappeared. The chickenpox virus stays in the body even after recovery.
Is shingles an RNA virus?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae [70].
How are shingles and chickenpox alike How are they different?
They may both start as a rash but later shingles can turn into painful blisters, while chickenpox will give you an uncomfortable itch. Shingles typically looks like a single stripe rash around the left or right side of the body, but it may also break out on your face or scalp.
What is the virology of varicella zoster?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a ubiquitous human alphaherpesvirus that causes varicella (chicken pox) and herpes zoster (shingles). Varicella is a common childhood illness, characterized by fever, viremia, and scattered vesicular lesions of the skin.
What is the difference between varicella and zoster virus?
VZV causes two different illnesses: Varicella, or chickenpox, develops after an individual is exposed to VZV for the first time. Herpes zoster, or shingles, develops from reactivation of the virus later in life, usually many decades after chickenpox.